Packing.



F. A. HEADSON.

PACKING.

APPLICATION IILED MAY 12,1913,

Patented Feb. 9, 191;).

FRANK A. HEADSON, OF MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN,

ASSIGNOR TO K. W. JOHNS- ZYIA'NVILLE COMPANY, OF IdILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN, A CORPORATION 03 NE?! YORK.

PACKING.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, FRANK A. HEADsoN, a citizen ofthe United States, and a resident of Milwaukee, in the county of Mil:

Waukee and ctat-e of Wisconsin, have invented certain new and useful Improvements'in Packing; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, which forlina part of this SPBClfiCuUOIL This'invention relates to an article of manufacture adapted to be'iised as a pack- I adapted to maintain a tight joint and to permit and withstand the effects of-expansion and contraction due to variations in teinperatiire,-and to provide a packing which is durable and efficient when subjected to the effects of steam, heat, moisture, and

friction, or other conditions to which a packing is suhjeetedin use.

Other and further obj ects of vthe invention 1 will appear from an examination of the following description and claims and from'an inspection of the accompanying drawings which are made a part hereof.

the folded marginal portions A packing comprising in its construction a plurality of integral layers of fibrous niaterial folded and connected at their margins as herein described and illustrated is adapted'to enable the entire outer surface of the packing, if desired, to be formed of or side surface portions of the material or of the layers or plies, so that no selvage edges are necessarily expo'sed or in contact with the surface or surfaces to be packed, and the packing is adapted to expand and contract a%the temperature is varied, and will be e nieht and durable The .i rventicvfioonsists in the features,

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 9, 1915.

application filed May 12, 1913. Serial No. 768,954.

combinations, and details of construction herein described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a view in end elevation of a strip, block or piece of packing made in accordancewith my invention and improvements; Fig. 2. -1 view in perspective of a packing strip or piece of packing made in accordance with my invention and improvements, showing a portion of the packing shown in Fig. 1 as it would appear when complete or after being removed from the molds and after haw-- mg been folded and subjected to heat and pressure, and showing a portion of the sheets of fibrous material, canvas, asbestos, or fabric containing fibrous asbestos, or

bestos and organic fibrous material of which dition to be subjected to the action of heat and pressure or molded; Fig. 3, an end view i of two strips or sheets of flexible fibrous material, each so folded as to form a lnrali'ty of longitudinal layers or plies all coated with rubber cement or having cement therebetw'een, adapted to be compressed, so that each sheet or strip will form half of a con; plete section or strip of the packing when the layers are compressed and cemented together; Fig. 4, a similarview, showing two sheets or strips of flexiblefibrous material folded to form longitudinal plaits or layers coated with adhesive materiah'suchas rubber cement, and placed in position; to he heated and pressed together so that eachis adapted to form half of a complete section of flexible packing when compressed or molded; Fig. 5, ,a similar view of a single sheet or strip of fibrous flexible materiai folded to form a complete section oy block of packing made inaccord-ance with my in vention; Fig. (5, a plan View ot aslieet or strip of flexible fibrous material or fabric consisting of alternate layers of fabric, fibrous material, or canvas and rubber cement, showing the layer of canvas with a coatingor layer of rubber cement on'each side thereof, suitable for making'a packing" in accordance with my invention; Fig. i, ii similar view of a sheet or strip of laminated flexible fibrous material or fabric comprising a layer or layers of asbestos and a layer of organic material or fabric united by means of rubber cement or similar suitable cementitious material, and adapted to form a packing strip or sheet suitable for folding and molding into the form of packing embodying my invention; and Fig. 8, a similar view of a sheet or strip of fibrous material or fabric comprising a sheet or layer of asbestos-and a layer of rubber cement on each side of and in adhesive contact with the asbestos, adapted to be folded and subjected to heat and pressure or molded in a heated condition after being folded so as to form a flexible packing or strip for making packing, in accordance with my invention. In this figure is also shown a layer of organic material or fabricwhich maybe a cloth or canvas and with its outer layer of rubber cement may be used in connection with the layer of asbestos or omitted, as desired. y

In making a packing in accordance with my invention and improvements, I provide one or more strips ,or-sheets a of suitable flexible fibrous material or' fabric and fold the same -in such a manner as to form a plurality of longitudinal layers, plaits or. plies 6, each having a folded marginal edge, or-

' marginal portion 0 connected and integral with the marginal edge or-portion of the next adjacent layer, plait or ply. Each strip or sheet ,of flexible fibrous material or fabric is, by preference, formed ofcanvas or asbestos, or layers of asbestos and organic flexible fibrous material or fabric coated with rubber cement or cementitious or adhesive material or provided with layers of such cementitious material between the layers of fabric or fibrous material, all of b, the inner layers formed by said sheets or' strips, respectively, being of the greatest width and adapted to form the central portion of the packing when complete,-and all of the layers formed by said sheets'or strips, respectively, being of unequal or uniformly diminishing width and being so folded that each ofsuch strips or sheets with its cementitious material forms half of a rectangular packing when the packing is complete. The sheets or strips of flexible fibrous material or fabric shown in Figs. 1 to 5 in elusive are formed, by preference, of layers of fibrous asbestos and fibrous organic 'material or fabric having a layer or layers of rubber cement d therebetween and permeating the interstices between the fibers and cementing the layers of fibrous material together so as to form a flexible sheet or strip. The asbestos is, by preference, woven so as to form an asbestos cloth or fabric the woven' strands of which are disposed obliquely or at an angle to the fibers of organic material and obliquely withi'espect to the side margins of the strip or sheet. (See Fig. 7). A sheet or strip is thus formed comprising layers of asbestos, and organic fibrous material or fabric having layers of rubber cement or cementitiousmaterial therebetween and permeating the interstices between the strands and fibers of the fabric.

The rubber cement or cementitious material 03, preferably in the form of semi vul-.

canizedv rubber or rubber cement, may be applied to one or both sides but is applied,

by preference, to both sides of the sheet or strip beforethe latter is folded. The coating of cementitious material or rubber cement is thus applied to both sides or interposed between the layers or plies of the folded sheet or strip in a heated, moist or liquid condition, and the sheet or strip having been folded, as already suggested, so as to form a plurality of longitudinal layers or plies each having an outer marginal portion connected and integral with the next adjacent layer or layers, and the coating or layers of rubber cement or cementitious material being upon or interposed between such layers, the folded sheet or sheets is subjected to the action of heat and pressure suflicient to cause the adhesive material to permeate the interstices of the layers of. fabric. The heat and pressure are applied, by preference, while the material is'in a suitable 'mold and the adhesive material or rubber'thus becomes semi-vulcanized and is allowed to set and serves to securely hold together the layers and the fibers of which the fibrous layers are formed. The necessary degree of heat and the pressure may be applied to the layers of fibrous material in forming the sheets or strips to be folded by passingthe material between rolls andiat the same time applying the required degree of heat, and the sheets thus formed of layers of asbestos and fibrous organic material and rubber cement, or of canvas coated with rubber cementor cementitious material pref erably on both sides, or formed of asbestos and cementitious material such as rubber, may then be folded, as described, and subjectcd to the required heat and pressure to cause the rubber cement to become vulcanized or partially vulcanized so as to form a flexible packing strip or sheet of material of which a packing or packing strip is to be formed. The pressur by means of which the folded layers are compr and united.

may be of any desired, ordinary or well.

known form, the material being subjected to the action of the required degree of heat to cause the rubber to become artially or semi-vulcanized while in the mdlds and be ing allowed to set so as to securely hold the layers together.

The sheet or material of which the packing is to be formed is, by preference, so folded that the layers or laminations ex;

tend diagonally with respect to the square or rectangular packing to be formed thereby, as shown in Figs. 1 and 25 The outer side surfaces of the folded marginal portions 0 of the layers 6 are thus exposed-at all points throughout the entire outer surface of the packing and the entire surface of the square or rectangular packing may thus be formed by or consist of the folded marginal portions .0 which extend longitudinally of the packing throughout its entire length. The folded side surface portions of the sheet or strip which form the folded marginal portions of the layers are thus so I disposed as to enable a packing to be formed having no selvage edge expbsed or forming any part of'the outer surface of the packing. The packing is thus adapted to ex-' pand and contract to a maximui extent and is thus enabled to maintain a steam-tight or waiter-tight joint under greatly varying conditions of temperature and without becom ing disintegrated by reason of such expansion or contraction, orby reason of the heat or moisture to which the packing is exposed, or by reason of the stresses and strains and ,friction to which it is subjected, in ne In Fig. 7 is shown a very desirableiorm of laminated sheet adapted lip-be folded so as to form a packing as above described, thev laminated sheet there shown consisting of two layers of asbestos 7, each of which is by preference, woven so as to form asbestos cloth. A layer of organic or flexible fibrous material or fabric 9 which may be madeof cotton, linen, jute, or similar material,

preferably yoven, islaid between the layers f or in position to be cemented to one or both of the layers f, and the layers f and g are held together by means of a coating of glue rubber cement or cementitious material it, the layersv f and g of the sheet or strip thus formed being firmly secured togather by the cementiti'ous material orrubher, all of said elements'being subjected to heat and pressure suificlent to causethe cementitious material to permeate the interstices of the layers f and g, which are by reference so disposed that the outer suraces of the laminated sheet or strip are 0th formed of asbestos or refractory mav erial. The organic or; relatively strong and more flexible material 9 being, by prefer'ence, between the outer layers of asbestos forming terial g and, as the outer coating of cementi- I tious material on the outer surface of the finished packing soon wears off, the asbestos forms an anti-friction bearing surface which is adapted to be kept thoroughly lubricated while subjected to great heat and is adapted to withstand great heat. The disintegration and wearing away of the comparatively less flexible asbestos, due to the action of the moisture or heat and friction or other causes, is prevented by the more flexible and strong inner layer of organic material g which greatly increases the strength of the packing to withstand the strains to whichit is subjected in use. I

In Fig. 6 is shown a portion of a trip or sheet of flexible fibrous material com ising or consisting of a layer (Z of canvas aving a layer or coating 'of rubbereementir on each side thereof and all adapted to. be folded and subjected to heat and pressure and molded as shown in Figs. 1 tot inclusive, or as described, so as to foam a flexible packing when the rubber cement is thus partially vulcanized or semi-vulcanized'and allowed to set. V

A sheet of woven asbestos or asbestos fabric may be used instead of the layer of canvas (Z shown in Fig. 6 and with the coating or layers of cementitious material or rubber c on both sides thereof, and either with or without fabric or cloth or canvas formed of fibrous organic material, as shown in Fig. 8.

I claim: I

-1. An angular packing-strip comprising in its construction parallel layers of fabric.

cemented together, said layers being disposed at an angle to all of the faces of the packing-strip, each layer of fabric having a folded marginal portion integral; with the marginof the next adjacent layer,the folded marginal portions of said'layersl extending longitudinally of the packing strip and bearing surfaces on all sides o said strip. i 7

2. An angular packing-strip comprising in its construction parallel layers of fabric. cemented together, each layer having a fold: ed marginal portion integral with the mar? gin of the next adjacent laverrra'nd forming an outer surface portion of the packingstrip, the parallel portions of said layers being disposed at an oblique ariglr to all of the ide surfaces of the packing strip. .lar packing-strip comprisin in its construction alternate parallel layers 7 layer of fibrous rat.

terial having a folded marginal portion integral with the marginal portion of the next adjacent layer,,and adapted to form outer fibrous bearing portions of the packingstrip, the folded marginal portions of said layers extending longitudinally of the packing strip and forming bearing surfaces on all sides of said strip.

4. An angular packing-strip comprising in its construction parallel layers of-fibrous asbestos cemented together, each of said layers of asbestos extending at an oblique angle with respect to all of the outer faces of the packing-strip having a folded marginal portion integral with the marginal portion of an adjacent parallel layer of asbestos and adapted to form a fibrous bearin portion of the packing-strip, the folded mgrginal portions of said layers extending longitudinally of the packing strip and forming bearing surfaces on all sides of said strip.

5, An angular packing-strip comprising in its construction parallel layers of fibrous asbestos, fibrous organic material, and rubber cemented together and vulcanized, the

parallel portions of all of said layers being disposed at an oblique angle to all of the outer surfaces of the packing-strip, each of said layers of asbestos having a folded marginal portion integral with the marginal portion of an adjacent parallel layer of asbestos and adapted to form an outer hearing portion of the packing-strip, the folded marginal portions of said layers extending longitudinally of the packing strip and forming bearing surfaces on all sides of said strip.

(l. A n angular packing-strip comprising in its construction a sheet of fibrous material having a ply or.layer of asbestos and a ply or layer of organic material cemented to gether, said sheet being folded lengthwise and comprising parallel longitudinal layers each having a folded marginal portion integral with the marginal portion of the next adjacent layer and adapted to form an outer bearing portion of the strip, the folded marginal portions of said layers extending longitudinally of the packing strip and forming bearing surfaces on all sides of said strip.

7. A packing-strip comprising in its construction a plurality of sheets of fabric each folded lengthwise and forming parallel layers of fibrous material, said layers being cemented togetherand disposed at an angle to all of the faces of the packing-strip, and

each layer of fabric having a folded mareach layer having a folded marginal portion integral with the marginal portion of the next adjacent layer and adapted to form an outer bearing portion of the packingstrip, the parallel portions of said layers being disposed at an oblique angle to the hearing portions of the packing-strip formed by said outer folded marginal portions of the layers.

9. A packing-strip comprising in its construction two sheets of fabric, each comprising in its construction a ply or layer of asbestos and a ply or layer of organic material cemented together, said sheets being folded lengthwise and forming parallel longitudinal layers each having a folded marginal portion integral with the marginal portion of the next adjacent layer and adapted to form an outer bearing portion of the strip of packing, said folded sheets being cemented together and each forming a longitudinal section of the completed packingstrip.

10. A packing-strip comprising in its construction parallel layers of fabric cemented together, the parallel portions of said layers being disposed at an oblique angle to all of the side faces of the packingrstrip formed by said outer folded marginal portions of the layers, each of said layers being narrower thanthe next adjacent layer in the direction of the center of the packing-strip, each layer of fabric having a folded marginal portion integral with the marginal portion of the next adjacent layer and adapted to form an outer bearing portion of the packing-strip.

In testimony, that I, claim the foregoing as my invention I allix my signature in the presence of two witnesses, this 6th day of Mav, A. D. 1913.

FRANK A. HEADSON.

Witnesses:

' HATTIE B. LEHMAN,

EUGENE C. WANN. 

